012AD00955

Compacted Pebble Surface

Phasing

Although the remaining surface itself was not excavated (merely cleaned for recording), the material sealing the surface contained 56 Roman sherds.

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

 012AD01006    012AD00785   012AD00920
         
        012AD00367 
         
012AD00954  =  012AD00521   = 012AD00565
         
012AD00955  =  012AD00379     

Discussion

A number of pebble surfaces were encountered during the excavation season in1995, generally cut by enclosure ditches (and thus only visible in the sides of the ditch), although some, like this one, were partly intact. The stone setting 012AD00893 may be a part of this surface, or possibly a repair where a hole had developed. In all but one case (012AD01005), the surfaces appear to be Roman in date, as the material sealing them tends to contain relatively large numbers of exclusively Roman sherds. This material is a hillwash, a sandy clay loam with around 20% chalk inclusions (Munsell colour varying from 10YR 3/2 to 10YR 4/2).

The surfaces were not deliberately created, rather they formed by compaction due to constant use. Although they were only found sporadically, the pattern indicates that the path was from the spring area in the south up the dry valley side towards the late Roman structure (012AF07215) in the south.

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

TYPE  FILL VOLUME OBJECTS AN BONE DENSITY
SEALING LAYER 012AD00367   9 3  
SURFACE 012AD00379   0 0  
SEALING LAYER 012AD00521   0 0  
SEALING LAYER 012AD00565   19 3
SEALING LAYER 012AD00954   47 2  
SURFACE 012AD00955   0 0  

012AD00565 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID MATERIAL PERIOD No
012AD00565 IRON ROMAN/ANGLIAN
1
  POTTERY 2-4C
1
  POTTERY 2C
1
  POTTERY 3-4C
13
  SNAIL  
1
  STONE  
1
  UTILISED STONE ANGLIAN
1

012AD00954 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID MATERIAL PERIOD No
012AD00954 DAUB  
1
  POTTERY  
1
  POTTERY 2-4C
4
  POTTERY 2C
2
  POTTERY 2C?
1
  POTTERY 3-4C
25
  POTTERY 4C
7
  POTTERY 4C?
2
  POTTERY PREHISTORIC
1
  STONE  
3

Context Details

012AD00955 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD00367 LAYER RECTANGULAR
422
275
5
 FLAT LAYER OF SOIL OVER SURFACE 379. CHARCOAL AND DAUB FLECKING. 10% CHALK INCLUSIONS < 7 CMS. DAUB IRON BONE SOME POTTERY FOUND. ALSO COVERS 521 LAYER
012AD00379 PEBBLE SURFACE COMPLEX
412
276
   FLAT WORN PEBBLE SURFACE. MADE UP OF WORN ROUNDED CHALK PEBBLES WITH A LITTLE MANGANESE OXIDE STAINING. ONLY PARTLY EXPOSED. CHALK PEBBLES AV.5CMS.
012AD00521 LAYER COMPLEX 326 276 11 FLAT LAYER OF MATERIAL OVER COBBLE SURFACE. ALSO COVERED BY 367. CHARCOAL AND DAUB FLECKING. RANGE OF FIND. IS THE SAME MATERIAL AS THE HILLWASH IN AD.
012AD00565 LAYER CONTEXT GIVEN IN ERROR. HILLWASH MATERIAL OVER 367 BUT ALREADY GIVEN NUMBER 521.
012AD00954 LAYER RECTANGULAR
287
133
29
 FLAT HILLWASH MATERIAL OVERLYING SURFACE 955. 25% CHALK INCLUSIONS. VERY LITTLE DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING. POTTERY AND BONE FOUND. LESS POTTERY IN LAST 5CM
012AD00955 PEBBLE SURFACE COMPLEX
287
133
   FLAT PEBBLE SURFACE BENEATH HILLWASH MATERIAL 954. WORN SURFACE OF ROUNDED CHALK PEBBLES < 4CMS. = 00379 PATHWAY RUNNING E-W ACROSS AD.

012AD00893 Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES
012AD00893 STONE SETTING COMPLEX
77
49
   IRREGULAR STONE DEPOSIT. CUT BY SLOT 919/20. SLIGHTLY BURNT BONE IN SOIL MATRIX. ANGULAR CHALK 5-12CMS IN SIZE. MAY BE RE-DEPOSITED NATURAL CHALK.

Objects By Context

KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS No
012AD00367 AA 4C POTTERY SHERD OPEN  
1
012AD00367 AB 2-4C POTTERY SHERD J  
1
012AD00367 AB 2-4C POTTERY SHERD J SAMIAN
1
012AD00367 AC 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00367 AD   IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD00367 AE   DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD00367 AF   SNAIL SNAIL SAMPLE    
1
012AD00367 AG   SNAIL SNAIL SAMPLE    
1
012AD00367 AH 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AA 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AB 4C? POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AC 4C? POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AD 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JLS? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AF 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AG 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JKNAP ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AH 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AI 4C POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD00954 AJ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AK 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AL 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AM   POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD00954 AN 3-4C POTTERY SHERD BD? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AO 3-4C POTTERY SHERD JLH ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AP 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AQ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AR 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AS 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AT 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AU 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AV 4C POTTERY SHERD JHUN? ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AW 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AX 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AY 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 AZ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BA PREHISTORIC POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD00954 BB 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BC 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BD 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BF   STONE STONE    
1
012AD00954 BG 4C POTTERY SHERD J  
1
012AD00954 BH 2-4C POTTERY SHERD JBK  
1
012AD00954 BI 4C POTTERY SHERD B  
1
012AD00954 BJ 2-4C POTTERY SHERD BK  
1
012AD00954 BK 4C POTTERY SHERD BD  
1
012AD00954 BL 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00954 BM 4C POTTERY SHERD BD?  
1
012AD00954 BN   STONE STONE    
1
012AD00954 BO 2-4C POTTERY SHERD J  
1
012AD00954 BP 2C POTTERY SHERD   SAMIAN
1
012AD00954 BQ 2C POTTERY SHERD BD SAMIAN
1
012AD00954 BR 2C? POTTERY SHERD   SAMIAN?
1
012AD00954 BS 2-4C POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD00954 BT   DAUB DAUB    
1
012AD00954 BU   STONE STONE   SANDSTONE
1
KEY_ID OB PERIOD MATERIAL TYPE SUB_TYPE CLASS No
012AD00565 AG IRON IRON OBJECT    
1
012AD00565 AD 2-4C POTTERY SHERD CLSD  
1
012AD00565 AF 2C POTTERY SHERD B SAMIAN
1
012AD00565 AA 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AB 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AC 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AE 3-4C POTTERY SHERD    
1
012AD00565 AI 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AJ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD J ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AK 3-4C POTTERY SHERDS   ROMANO-BRITISH
3
012AD00565 AL 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AM 3-4C POTTERY SHERD CLSD  
1
012AD00565 AN 3-4C POTTERY SHERDS   ROMANO-BRITISH
5
012AD00565 AO 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AP 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AQ 3-4C POTTERY SHERD   ROMANO-BRITISH
1
012AD00565 AS   SNAIL SNAIL SAMPLE    
1
012AD00565 AR   STONE PEBBLE   QUARTZITE
1
012AD00565 AH ANGLIAN UTILISED STONE LAVA NIEDERMENDIG  
5

Animal Bone by Context

KEY_ID SPECIES ELEMENT QUANT CHEW BURN BUTCH FBRK
012AD00565 Pig Humerus D 1 1 0 0 0
012AD00565 Sheep/Goat Phalanx 1 1 1 0 0 0
012AD00565 Sheep/Goat Scapula 1 0 0 0 0
012AD00367 Cattle Occiput 1 1 0 0 0
012AD00367 Goat Tibia D 1 0 0 0 0
012AD00367 Sheep/Goat Pelvis 1 0 0 1 0
012AD00954 Cattle Calcaneum 1 1 0 0 0
012AD00954 Cattle Scapula 1 0 0 1 1